安科瑞智能照明控制系统在学校的设计及应用
摘要：照明用电是学校一项基本的电力需求，学校具有区域大、房间多、灯具数量多、休息时间基本固定等诸多特点，若采用传统的照明控制，往往布线繁多、不能充分利用自然光照而造成电力浪费，且控制麻烦，即使严格管理，仍不可避免地由于忘记关灯而造成巨大的能源浪费。为了达到节能优化的控制效果，学校可采用智能照明控制系统来管理学校照明。智能照明控制系统与传统的照明控制方式相比较，布线简洁，控制灵活方便，可以节约电能。
Abstract: lighting electricity is a basic power demand of the school. The school has many characteristics, such as large area, large number of rooms, large number of lamps and basic fixed rest time. If the traditional lighting control is adopted, the power waste is often caused by many wiring, unable to make full use of natural light, and the control trouble is inevitable because of forgetting to turn off the lights. In order to achieve the control effect of energy saving optimization, schools can use Smart lighting control system to manage school lighting. Compared with the traditional lighting control mode, the Smart lighting control system has simple wiring, flexible and convenient control, and can save electric energy.
关键词：学校；照明；传统照明；智能照明；节能。
Keyword: School; Lighting; Traditional Lighting; Smart Lighting; Green Energy
0.前言 Background
安科瑞智能照明控制系统（以下简称：系统）基于KNX总线技术，采用四芯屏蔽双绞线将面板、传感器、驱动器和总线电源等所有的控制模块手拉手连接起来，将各种独立的控制功能集成到一个系统中，集舒服、灵活、节能经济、维护方便等诸多优势于一体。
智能便捷的控制方式还可以满足学校照明的各种控制需求。下面介绍安科瑞智能照明控制系统在某中学的设计与应用，简析KNX技术的设计规范，概述安科瑞智能照明控制系统的具体架构、控制方式等.
Acrel Smart Lighting Control system (hereinafter referred to as the system) is based on KNX bus technology, using four-core shielded twisted-pair wire to connect all control modules, such as panel, sensor, driver and bus power supply hand in hand, and integrates various independent control functions into a system, which integrates many advantages, such as comfort, flexibility, safety, energy saving and economy, and convenient maintenance.
Smart and convenient control mode can also meet the various control needs of school lighting. Here is the design and application of Acrel Smart lighting control system in a middle school, a brief analysis of the design specifications of KNX technology, and an overview of the specific structure and control mode of Acrel Smart lighting control system.
1.系统组成system composition
系统组成结构图如图1所示，总线电源、驱动器、网关、耦合器、输入模块等需安装在配电箱内，传感器一般安装在公共区，面板和触摸屏一般安装在房间值班室内。注意各模块接线不能组成环形。相对小型的项目，系统可选用10寸中控屏，它无需IP网关转换协议，设置简单且成本低。对于相对大型的项目，可通过IP网关连接到电脑，实现终端远程控制。
The structure diagram of the system composition is shown in figure 1. The bus power supply, driver, gateway, coupler, input module and so on need to be installed in the distribution box, the sensor is generally installed in the common area, and the panel and touch screen are generally installed in the room duty room. Note that each module wiring can not form a ring. A relatively small project, the system can choose 10 inch central control screen, it does not need to IP the gateway conversion protocol, simple setting and low cost. For relatively large projects, the terminal remote control can be realized by connecting to the computer through the IP gateway.
Network Graph
Figure1. Acrel Smart Lighting Control System
2.项目需求Project requirements
与客户沟通后，学校要求能够实现以下控制功能：
After communicating with customers, the school requires the following control functions:
1）可以充分利用自然照度，进行节能。
2）教室、办公室可以就地手动控制，也可后台控制。
3）走廊灯可根据有人无人、照度条件实现自动控制。
4）可根据日常上下课时间实现定时控制。
5）可预先设置多种场景一键切换控制。
6）中控端可一对一、一对多实现分区控制。
7）值班人员可对学校照明集中控制、远程监控。
8）可以和消防系统联动控制。
1)Fully use of natural illumination for energy saving.
2) Classroom, office can be manually controlled on the spot, but also backstage control.
3) Corridor lamp can be automatically controlled according to the condition of no one and illumination.
4) Realize timing control according to daily class time.
5) Pre-set a variety of scenarios one-click switching control.
6) Control terminal can be one-to-one, one-to-many partition control.
7) Particularly on duty staff can centralized control of school lighting, remote monitoring.
8) Shall be linked to the fire control system.
3.系统功能介绍 System Function
根据客户需求，该项目可以有多种控制方式可供选择，如本地控制、自动感应控制、定时控制、远程集中控制等，控制方式更灵活，在实现自动化的同时，大量减少了值班人员的管理费用，提高了管理水平和工作效率。
According to the needs of customers, the project can have a variety of control methods to choose from, such as local control, automatic induction control, timing control, remote centralized control and so on, the control mode is more flexible, while realizing automation, It greatly reduces the management cost of duty personnel and improves the management level and working efficiency.
1）自动控制：
在走道，电梯间等公共区域，安装二合一传感器，可监测当前环境的光照度及有无人活动的情况，实现自动控制。在照度够用的情况下（如晴天、正午），有人或是无人，灯都不会亮；在照度不够的情况下（如阴雨天、夜晚），有人灯亮，人走后，延时灯灭。
在教室、老师办公室等功能区靠窗位置安装照度传感器，实时监测当前照度情况，照度够用时自动关闭靠窗位置的灯，充分利用自然照度。
2）手动控制：
各个教室、办公室门口安装有智能面板，可对房间内照明实现现场手动控制。面板可实现一对一、一对多控制。
3）场景控制：
对学校景观照明、教学楼大厅照明、重要会议室照明可根据不同场景的控制需求,预先设定多种场景模式，并由值班人员进行一键切换。
4）定时控制：
系统按照学校早读和下晚自习的时间，设置定时开关，完成灯光的自动控制，确保在非工作时间内的减小能源消耗。
5）电脑集中监控：
电脑端控制页面主要有首页、楼层控制页面组成。可以实现远程实现集中控制，实时反馈现场回路的开关状态，方便值班人员远程监控。
监控软件由标题栏、任务栏及工作界面组成。标题栏：主要体现项目名称及时间。导航条（任务条）：可以在任意页面之间进行切换、选择。工作界面：根据楼层及房间布局，对控制进行简单划分，可实现单灯控制，多回路控制等控制功能。
首页面作为系统的启动页，设置内容一般可根据客户要求，呈现项目介绍，项目效果图，项目平面图，或项目结构图等，具体设置以实际要求为主，如图2所示。
该项目有多个楼层控制页面，以教室为控制单位，每个教室中有照明回路单开关和总开关、风扇空调单开关和总开关、插座电源单开关和总开关，楼层总开关及现场状态反馈两种状态量，此外还设有定时开关方便用户自行设置定时控制时间。
1) Automatic control:
In common areas such as walkways and elevators, two-in-one sensors can be installed to monitor the illumination of the current environment and whether there is any activity, and to realize automatic control. In the case of sufficient illumination (such as sunny days, noon), someone or no one, the lamp will not light; in the case of insufficient illumination (such as rainy days, nights), someone lights on, people go, the delay lights out.
The illuminance sensor is installed in the window position of the classroom, the teacher's office and other functional areas, and the current illumination situation is monitored in real time. When the illumination is sufficient, the lamp in the window position is automatically closed, and the natural illumination is fully utilized.
2) manual control:
Each classroom, office door is equipped with Smart panel, which can realize manual control of room lighting. Panel can achieve one-to-one, one-to-many control.
3) scene control:
For the school landscape lighting, teaching building hall lighting, important conference room lighting can be based on the control needs of different scenes, set up a variety of scene modes in advance, and by the staff on duty one-click switch.
4) timing control:
According to the time of school early reading and next evening self-study, the system sets the timing switch to complete the automatic control of lighting and ensure the reduction of energy consumption during non-working hours.
5) computer centralized monitoring:
The computer end control page mainly has the home page, the floor control page composition. It can realize remote centralized control, feedback the switch state of field loop in real time, and facilitate remote monitoring of duty personnel.
Monitoring software consists of title bar, task bar and working interface. Title bar: mainly reflects the project name and time. Navigation bar (task bar): you can switch between any page, select. Work interface: according to the floor and room layout, the control is simply divided, can achieve single lamp control, multi-loop control and other control functions.
The home page is used as the starting page of the system. The setting content can generally present the project introduction, project effect diagram, project plan, or project structure diagram according to the customer's request. The concrete setting is based on the actual requirements, as shown in figure 2.
The project has a number of floor control pages, with the classroom as the control unit, each classroom has a lighting circuit single switch and main switch, fan air conditioning single switch and main switch, socket power single switch and main switch, floor main switch and field state feedback two state quantities, In addition, there is a timing switch to facilitate users to set their own timing control time.
4.相关图纸 Relative Drawing
学校照明系统采用Acrel-Bus智能照明系统，由于系统采用KNX分布式总线结构。布线简单灵活，各模块可独立工作互不影响，系统可靠性更高。模块工作在直流30V电压下，用户操作更加好。升级或更改系统功能时，无需关闭整个系统，只需更改设备参数即可。系统报警定位功能，实时监测并上传集中控制端，方便设备人员准确定位并及时报修。下面通过一些项目图纸详细介绍该系统的设计流程。
The school lighting system adopts Acrel-Bus Smart lighting system, because the system adopts KNX distributed bus structure. The wiring is simple and flexible, each module can work independently without influence, and the system reliability is higher. Module working in DC 30V safe voltage, user operation is more secure. When upgrading or changing system functions, you do not need to turn off the whole system, just change the device parameters. System alarm positioning function, real-time monitoring and upload centralized control end, convenient equipment personnel accurate positioning and timely repair. The following is a detailed introduction to the design process of the system through some project drawings.
1）结构拓扑图
系统结构拓扑图（见图3）是对项目实施整体结构布局的一个规划，如图可知，该学校共有A、B、C三栋楼设计了智能照明控制。由于每一层箱子比较多，所以布线的时候按楼层进行支线划分。同一支线内所有的控制模块都通过总线线缆连接到一起，每条支线的所有数据量汇总到耦合器、网关，再经由交换机到达监控室，实现远程集中控制。
Figure 3. Topology of System Structure
2）配电系统图Distribution System Diagram
配电系统图主要明确了控制回路，所需的控制模块及其数量，方便后期ETS配置系统功能。以某教室智能照明配电系统图（见图4）为例，可以看到该配电箱共分配了一个12路开关驱动器，箱内模块可通过总线线缆连接到现场控制面板、传感器等设备。
Distribution system diagram mainly defines the control circuit, the required control module and its number, convenient for the later ETS configuration system function. Taking the diagram of Smart lighting and distribution system in a classroom (see figure 4) as an example, it can be seen that the distribution box is allocated a 12-way switch driver, and the module in the box can be connected to the field control panel, sensor and other equipment through the bus cable.
Figure 4.Distribution System Diagram
5.结束语Ending
本文详细介绍了Acrel-Bus智能照明系统的组成、功能和设计流程。
综上可知，该系统在学校的应用具有布线简单，用户操作稳定，系统可靠性更高，维护方便，操作简单等诸多优势。笔者在该项目的实施中，也深刻体会到该系统的结构清晰，设计施工比较简便，在使用过程中降低了能源消耗并且提高管理的水平，具有很大的推广性。
A detailed introduction is given to the composition, function and design flow of Acrel-Bus Smart lighting system.
In summary, the application of the system in the school has many advantages, such as simple wiring, safe user operation, higher system reliability, convenient maintenance, simple operation and so on. In the implementation of the project, when you deeply realized that the structure of the system is clear, the design and construction is relatively simple, the energy consumption is reduced and the management level is improved in the process of use, and it has great popularization.
